Tezaury
Tezaurus je normalizovaný strukturovaný slovník, v němž jsou pojmy reprezentovány popisky. Uvedené definici odpovídají i naše tezaury, v kontextu Slovníků EU však představují jejich vícejazyčný ekvivalent. V každém zařazeném jazyce je týž pojem reprezentován jedním preferovaným popiskem. V některých případech se může k jedné jazykové verzi pojmu vztahovat více alternativních popisků.
Kromě preferovaných a alternativních popisků mohou být pojmy v rámci tezauru sémanticky spojeny třemi možnými vztahy: daný pojem může být vzhledem k jiným pojmům širší, užší nebo s nimi může být v asociativním vztahu.
V rámci jednoho tezauru lze vytvářet mikrotezaury.
Tezaury mohou být propojeny pomocí sémantické koordinace jejich konkrétních pojmů. V rámci této koordinace lze mezi pojmy jednotlivých tezaurů definovat tyto stupně shody:
- Has exact match (přesně si odpovídá)
- Has close match (značně si odpovídá)
- Has broad match (jde o širší pojem)
- Has narrow match (jde o užší pojem)
- Has related match (je v asociativním vztahu)
Dostupné tezaury:
This vocabulary was developed as part of the EU-funded project DE-BIAS - Detecting and cur(at)ing harmful language in cultural heritage collections (2023/2024) and is used by the DE-BIAS tool for detecting bias in metadata. It consists of contentious terms in English, Dutch, German, French, and Italian accompanied by contextual descriptions, suggestions for reflection and alternative wording, and the reference to the sources. Focusing primarily on migration and colonial history, gender and sexual identity, and ethnicity and ethno-religious identity, it was developed with community input and extensive research. It serves as a living document to evolve with societal discourse. The model of this vocabulary is based on the Words Matter Knowledge Graph by Cultural AI. More information and the complete application profile can be found on the project website: https://pro.europeana.eu/page/the-de-bias-vocabulary.
Content note: Readers are advised that this document contains distressing words.
The Digital Europa Thesaurus (DET) is a multilingual thesaurus covering the main subject matters of the European Commission's public communications.
EuroVoc is a multilingual, multidisciplinary thesaurus covering the activities of the EU. It contains terms in 24 EU languages (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish), plus in three languages of countries which are candidate for EU accession: Albanian, Macedonian and Serbian.
EuroVoc is managed by the Publications Office of the European Union, which moved forward to ontology-based thesaurus management and semantic web technologies conformant to W3C recommendations as well as latest trends in thesaurus standards. The thesaurus is disseminated on the EU Vocabularies website.
EuroVoc users include the European Union institutions, the Publications Office of the EU, national and regional parliaments in Europe, plus national governments and private users around the world.
Dating from 1978 when catalogues of the Central Library of the Commission of the European Communities (now the European Union) were computerised, ECLAS is a thesaurus created by the Central Library of the Commission of the European Communities for indexing the publications and documents acquired by the Central Library of the Commission. ECLAS was based on the Macrothesaurus of OECD and complemented by the ILO thesaurus. After creation of EUROVOC in 1984, convergence started in order to bring ECLAS in line with EUROVOC, but it was never complete. ECLAS contains nineteen areas of interest in a hierarchical tree structure consisting of four levels. ECLAS is fully available in English and in French.
The OP COMM ECLAS is maintained by the Publications Office of the European Union and disseminated on the EU Vocabularies website. It is a dormant asset; corrections can be published exceptionally if necessary.